5 Health Concerns to Watch Out for in German Shepherds

Hi, fellow Shepherd lover! 

As your veterinarians, we’re here to help you keep your German Shepherd or Shepherd mix happy, healthy, and thriving for years to come! GSDs are remarkably smart and loyal, but they’re also prone to certain health issues that every owner should be aware of. Here are the top five concerns we commonly see—and how we can help catch them early: 

1. Bone & Joint Issues 

German Shepherds are prone to hip dysplasia, in which the hip joints do not develop properly, leading to instability and abnormal wear over time. They are also at higher risk for cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) tears—an injury that can cause sudden limping and pain. These joint conditions often progress into arthritis, which leads to stiffness, discomfort, and reduced mobility as your GSD ages. 

Early screening, diagnosis, and proper management are essential to helping your Shepherd stay active and comfortable. 

How we can help: 

• Physical Examination – We observe your dog’s gait, posture, and movement, assess joint range of motion, and gently palpate for pain, swelling, or early joint disease. 
• Genetic Testing – Since hip dysplasia often has a hereditary link, genetic screening can help identify risk early. 
• X-rays – These allow us to evaluate bone structure, joint alignment, and early signs of arthritis. 
• Medical Management – Supplements, prescription diets, pain relief, and physical therapy can slow disease progression and maintain comfort. 
• Surgical Intervention – For advanced cases, surgery may be the best option to restore mobility, reduce pain, and improve quality of life. 

2. Degenerative Myelopathy (DM)

German Shepherds are genetically predisposed to degenerative myelopathy, a progressive spinal cord disease that causes hind limb weakness and loss of coordination. It usually begins in middle-aged to older dogs and can progress to paralysis over time. 

Early detection helps slow progression and maintain mobility for as long as possible. How we can help: 

• Physical Examination – We evaluate gait, coordination, reflexes, and muscle tone for early neurological changes. 
• Genetic Testing – Helps identify whether your GSD carries the gene associated with DM. 
• Neurological Assessment – In some cases, we may recommend advanced imaging (such as MRI) to rule out other causes. 
• Medical & Supportive Management – While there is no cure, therapies like physical rehab, hydrotherapy, supplements, and supportive devices can maintain mobility and comfort. 
• Ongoing Monitoring – Routine checkups help us tailor care as the condition progresses. 

3. Bloat (Gastric Dilatation–Volvulus, GDV) 

German Shepherds are one of the breeds at highest risk for GDV, a life-threatening emergency where the stomach fills with gas and twists. This cuts off blood flow and requires immediate emergency intervention. 

Recognizing symptoms quickly can save your dog’s life. 

How we can help: 

• Recognizing Symptoms – Early signs include a swollen abdomen, unproductive retching, restlessness, drooling, labored breathing, or collapse. 
• Emergency Care – GDV is a medical emergency requiring immediate stabilization, stomach decompression, and surgery. 
• Ongoing Monitoring – After treatment, regular exams help prevent complications.
• Preventive Measures – We often recommend gastropexy—a surgery that tacks the stomach in place to prevent twisting. Smaller meals, slow feeders, and avoiding exercise around mealtime also reduce risk. 

4. Pancreatic Enzyme Issues (Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency, EPI) 

German Shepherds are predisposed to EPI, a condition where the pancreas fails to produce enough digestive enzymes. This results in poor digestion and nutrient absorption, leading to chronic diarrhea, weight loss, a poor coat, and increased appetite despite eating normally. 

Early detection and treatment can dramatically improve quality of life. 

How we can help: 

• Physical Examination – We assess body weight, coat condition, muscle mass, and digestive health. 
• Blood Tests – We run baseline tests and specialized pancreatic enzyme tests to confirm EPI. 
• Dietary Management – Enzyme supplements and highly digestible prescription diets help restore nutrient absorption. 
• Long-Term Support – Regular monitoring helps us adjust treatment and maintain your dog’s health. 

5. Allergies and Skin Problems 

German Shepherds’ thick double coats and upright ears contribute to their iconic look—but also make them prone to skin issues and ear infections. Allergies, hot spots, moisture buildup, and environmental irritants can lead to itchy skin, ear infections, and discomfort. 

Common signs include scratching, licking, head shaking, hair loss, redness, odor, or skin lesions. 

How we can help: 

• Skin/Ear Cytology – We examine samples under a microscope to determine whether bacteria, yeast, or mites are causing the issue.
• Culture Testing – Helps identify the exact organism involved and which medications will be most effective. 
• Allergy Tests – Blood or skin testing helps identify environmental triggers and guide long-term allergy management. 
• Food Trials – Useful for diagnosing food allergies. 
• Medications – We offer both short-term relief and long-term treatment options to manage infections and allergies. 

We’re here to care for your GSD like one of our own. Schedule a visit today so we can work together to keep your loyal, energetic companion happy, healthy, and thriving. Give us a call at (954) 748-2002 or book online here.